National Council Licensure Examination Questions with Answer 73th Edition

National Council Licensure Examination Questions with Answer 73th Edition (Pharmacology Quiz)

1. A nurse in a long-term care facility is admitting a client. During data collection, the nurse discovers that the client has glaucoma and is taking pilocarpine hydrochloride (Isopto-Carpine). The nurse checks the medication supply to ensure that which of the following medications are available in the event of systemic toxicity caused by the pilocarpine hydrochloride?

A. Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan)
B. Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
C. Disulfiram (Antabuse)
D. Atropine sulfate

Answer: D. Atropine sulfate

Rationale: Systemic absorption of pilocarpine hydrochloride can produce toxicity and includes manifestations of vertigo, bradycardia, tremors, hypotension, syncope, cardiac dysrhythmias, and seizures. Atropine sulfate must be available in the event of systemic toxicity. Naloxone hydrochloride is an opioid antagonist used to reverse narcotic-induced respiratory depression. Cyclopentolate is a rapidly acting mydriatic and cycloplegic medication used preoperatively for eye procedures. Disulfiram is an alcohol deterrent used in the management of alcoholism in selected clients.

Test-Taking Strategy: Knowledge regarding antidotes related to various medications is required to answer this question. Recalling the classifications of the medications presented in the options will assist in directing you to the correct option. Review these medications if you had difficulty with this question.

Level of Cognitive Ability: Application
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Planning
Content Area: Pharmacology
Reference: Lehne, R. (2004). Pharmacology for nursing care (5th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 1102.

2. A nurse provides instructions to a client who has been prescribed betaxolol (Betoptic) eye drops for the treatment of glaucoma. The nurse instructs the client regarding the administration of the medication and about the importance of returning to the clinic for monitoring of the:

A. Presence of a positive Homans’ sign
B. Blood pressure and apical pulse
C. Blood glucose level
D. Presence of Trousseau’s sign

Answer: B. Blood pressure and apical pulse

Rationale: Betaxolol is an antiglaucoma medication and a beta-adrenergic blocker. Hypotension manifested as dizziness, nausea, diaphoresis, headache, fatigue, constipation and diarrhea are systemic effects of the medication. Nursing interventions include monitoring the blood pressure for hypotension and assessing the pulse for strength, weakness, irregular rate, and bradycardia. The nurse also monitors bowel activity and assesses for the evidence of congestive heart failure (CHF) as manifested by dizziness, night cough, peripheral edema, and distended neck veins. Monitoring intake and output and for an increase in weight and a decrease in urine output may also be indicative of CHF. A blood glucose is unrelated to the use of this medication as is the presence of Homans’ or Trousseau’s sign. A positive Homans’ sign indicates the presence of deep vein thrombosis. A positive Trousseau’s sign indicates a calcium imbalance.

Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the name of the medication and recall that medication names that end with the letters “lol” are beta-blockers, and that these types of medications are frequently used to treat hypertension. Also use the ABCs, airway, breathing, and circulation to direct you to option B. Review this medication if you had difficulty with this question.

Level of Cognitive Ability: Application
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Content Area: Pharmacology
Reference: Hodgson, B., & Kizior, R. (2005). Saunders nursing drug handbook 2005. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 120.

3. A nurse is assisting in caring for a client with a respiratory tract infection who is receiving intravenous tobramycin sulfate (Tobrex). The nurse is instructed to monitor for adverse effects from the medication. The nurse understands that which of the following findings is indicative of an adverse effect from this medication?

A. Vomiting
B. Nausea
C. Hypotension
D. Vertigo

Answer: D. Vertigo

Rationale: Ringing in the ears and vertigo are two symptoms that may indicate dysfunction of the eighth cranial nerve. Ototoxicity is a frequent adverse effect of therapy with the aminoglycosides and could result in permanent hearing loss. If this occurred, the physician would be notified. Nausea, vomiting, and hypotension are rare side effects of the medication.

Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and note the key words adverse effect. Answer this question by recognizing that tobramycin is an aminoglycoside, and that ototoxicity is a frequent adverse effect of therapy with the aminoglycosides. Review the adverse and side effects of this medication if you had difficulty with this question.

Level of Cognitive Ability: Analysis
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Data Collection
Content Area: Pharmacology
Reference: Hodgson, B., & Kizior, R. (2005). Saunders nursing drug handbook 2005. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 1047.

4. A nurse is assisting in preparing a plan of care for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who will be receiving ganciclovir (Cytovene). Which priority intervention will be included in the plan of care?

A. Monitor for signs of hyperglycemia
B. Administer the medication without food
C. Instruct the client to use an electric razor for shaving
D. Administer the medication with an antacid

Answer: C. Instruct the client to use an electric razor for shaving

Rationale: Ganciclovir causes neutropenia and thrombocytopenia as the most frequent side effects. For this reason, the nurse monitors the client for signs and symptoms of bleeding and implements the same precautions that are used for a client receiving anticoagulant therapy. Thus the client should be instructed to use an electric rather than a straight razor for shaving. The medication does not have to be taken on an empty stomach or without food. Additionally the medication does not have to be taken with an antacid, and an antacid may affect absorption. The medication may cause hypoglycemia, but not hyperglycemia.

Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination. Options 2 and 4 can be eliminated first because they are similar and indicate administering the medication with another substance. From the remaining options, noting the key word priority and recalling that the medication can cause bleeding from thrombocytopenia will assist in directing you to option C. Review the nursing implications related to this medication if you had difficulty with this question.

Level of Cognitive Ability: Application
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Planning
Content Area: Pharmacology
Reference: Hodgson, B., & Kizior, R. (2005). Saunders nursing drug handbook 2005. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 484-485.

Source : NCLEX Questions and answer

Like & Visit Our Facebook Fanspage at : https://www.facebook.com/NCLEX-Exam-for-Pass-103898044308313/

Read also:

• Free Learning Questions of NCLEX PN with Answer pdf 71th Edition
• Let's Learning Questions of NCLEX PN with Answer 70th Edition
• Learn NCLEX PN Questions and Answer 69th Edition 2019 / 2020

Thank you for your attention with reading our article FNational Council Licensure Examination Questions with Answer 73th Edition (Pharmacology). Thanks for your participation, like and share if this is usefull.

Share this post