Free NCLEX Practice Tests & Sample Questions 2020 / 2021 120th Edition
Free NCLEX Practice Tests & Sample Questions 2020 / 2021 120th Edition
1. An adolescent girl is seen for the third time in 6 months for the treatment of vaginal candidal infections. The nurse is aware that additional tests may be indicated to identify an undiagnosed underlying chronic disease. Which test would the nurse anticipate that would most likely be prescribed?
A. Pap smear
B. Blood culture
C. Throat culture
D. Blood glucose level
Answer: D. Blood glucose level
Rationale: A high blood glucose level is an indicator of diabetes mellitus. In females candidal infections of the genitourinary tract are a common manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Pap smears are specific for detecting cancer of the cervix. A throat culture may show a candidal infection, but this test is unrelated to an undiagnosed underlying chronic disease. An infection of the blood is an acute systemic disease.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and note the key words underlying chronic disease. Options 1, 2, and 3 do not necessarily identify a chronic disease. Review the relationship between vaginal candidal infections and diabetes mellitus if you had difficulty with this question.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Analysis
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Planning
Content Area: Child Health
Reference: Black, J., & Hawks, J. (2005). Medical-surgical nursing: Clinical management for positive outcomes (7th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 1250.
2. A nurse is collecting data on a client admitted to the hospital who has myxedema. Which data collection technique will provide data that is necessary to support the admitting diagnosis?
A. Inspection of facial features
B. Palpation of the adrenal glands
C. Percussion of the thyroid gland
D. Auscultation of lung sounds
Answer: A. Inspection of facial features
Rationale: Inspection of facial features will reveal the characteristic coarse features, presence of edema around the eyes and face, and a blank expression that are characteristic of myxedema. The techniques in options 2, 3, and 4 will not reveal any data that would support the diagnosis of myxedema.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination. Eliminate options 2 and 4 because they do not relate to the thyroid gland. Palpation rather than percussion of the thyroid is the preferred technique when evaluating the thyroid gland, so option 3 can be eliminated. Review the manifestations associated with myxedema if you had difficulty with this question.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Application
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Data Collection
Content Area: Adult Health/Endocrine
Reference: Linton, A., & Maebius, N. (2003). Introduction to medical-surgical nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 887-888.
3. A nurse is caring for a pregnant client with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse reviews the client’s plan of care and notes that which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this client?
A. Self-care deficit
B. Risk for infection
C. Imbalanced nutrition
D. Activity intolerance
Answer: B. Risk for infection
Rationale: Clients with HIV often show some evidence of immune dysfunction, and may have increased vulnerability to infection. Options 1 and 4 are not physiological problems. Although imbalanced nutrition is a concern, infection is specifically related to HIV and is a priority.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and recall the pathophysiology related to HIV. Remember that individuals with HIV are vulnerable to infection. Not every client with HIV will have problems with activity, self-care, or nutrition. Review the priorities of care for a client with HIV if you had difficulty with this question.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Analysis
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Planning
Content Area: Maternity/Antepartum
Reference: Leifer, G. (2005). Maternity nursing (9th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 340.
4. A physician’s order reads “meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) 125 mg intramuscular route stat.” The medication vial reads 100 mg/mL. How many milliliters of the medication would the nurse draw into the syringe for injection?
Answer: 1.25
Rationale: Use the following formula for calculating the appropriate medication dose. In this question, it is not necessary to perform a conversion.
Desired 125 mg
_________ x Volume = _______ x 1 mL = 1.25 mL
Available 100 mg
Test-Taking Strategy: Follow the formula for calculating the correct dose. Once you have performed the calculation, recheck your work using a calculator. If you had difficulty with this question, review medication calculation problems.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Application
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation
Content Area: Fundamental Skills
Reference: Kee, J., & Marshall, S. (2004). Clinical calculations: With applications to general and specialty areas (5th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, p. 80.
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